By Zencalcy Editorial TeamLast reviewed About us
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. It is a fundamental property used to identify materials and calculate buoyancy.
Mass per unit volume.
ρ = m / V
ρ is the density, m the mass and V the volume. The SI unit is kg/m³.
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ρ | Density. |
| m | Mass. |
| V | Volume. |
ρ = m / V = 2 kg / 0.002 m³ = 1000 kg/m³, the density of water.
Continue with the Specific Gravity Calculator, Engineering Stress‑Strain Calculator, or the True Stress Calculator — or browse more materials and elasticity tools and all physics calculators.
Ice's density (~917 kg/m³) is less than liquid water's (~1000 kg/m³).
Results are computed from the standard equations of classical mechanics. Unit conversions use the SI definitions published by NIST. Air resistance is ignored unless the calculator names a drag model.
Reference material used to build and check this calculator:
Last reviewed: September 2026. See how we build and check every tool on the about page.
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Content updated: September 2026